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[null,"CONDUCTING CuSO4 BENCH TRIALS"]
[null,"Version 1.0"]
[null,"© Daniel Pambianchi, 2022"]
[]
[null,"STEP 1. Purchase or prepare as follows a 1% CuSO4 solution"]
[]
[null,null,"Dissolve exactly one (1) gram of cupric sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4\u009f5H2O), a bright blue crystalline, in approximately 75 mL of distilled water in a 100-mL volumetric (or good graduated cylinder), then bring to volume with more distilled water."]
[]
[null,"STEP 2. Perform a preliminary test to determine if the wine can be safely corrected"]
[]
[null,"a.","Label two wine glasses, one as control and one as copper."]
[null,"b.","Pour 100 mL of affected wine into each glass."]
[null,"c.","Using a 1-mL syringe or graduated pipette, transfer one drop of 1% CuSO4 solution into the copper glass. One (1) drop is about 0.05 mL using a 1-mL syringe."]
[null,"d.","Swirl each glass, let stand for about 5 minutes, then smell each glass."]
[]
[null,null,"NOTE: Do NOT taste/ingest treated samples."]
[]
[null,"e.","If the copper glass still has a stinky smell, no safe amount of CuSO4 can eliminate the H2S smell; otherwise, if the single drop does neutralize the smell, proceed to STEP 3."]
[]
[null,"STEP 3. Determine the amount of 1% CuSO4 solution needed to treat a sample"]
[]
[null,"a.","Label two wine glasses, one as control and one as copper."]
[null,"b.","Pour some of the affected wine into the control glass."]
[null,"c.","Pour exactly 1000 mL of affected wine into a 1000-mL graduated cylinder."]
[null,"d.","Fill a 1-mL syringe or graduated pieptte to the 1-mL mark with 1% CuSO4 solution."]
[null,"e.","Carefully add a single drop to the 1000-mL wine sample, cap the cylinder and invert several times to stir thoroughly."]
[null,"f.","Pour some of the treated wine into the copper glass."]
[null,"g.","Swirl each glass, let stand for about 5 minutes, then smell each glass."]
[]
[null,null,"NOTE: Do NOT taste/ingest treated samples."]
[]
[null,"h.","If the smell of H2S persists in the copper glass, return the treated sample back to the graduated cylinder. Do NOT discard; you must maintain the 1000-mL volume of sample."]
[null,"i.","Repeat steps e to h until the H2S smell disappears. If you exceed a total of 0.4 mL of 1% CuSO4 solution, the amount of residual pure copper (Cu++) is considered unsafe and a health hazard."]
[null,"j.","Record the exact volume (not number of drops) in mL used to neutralize the H2S smell in the 1000-mL sample."]
[]
[null,null,"Volume of CuSO4 used:",null,null,null,null,"mL"]
[]
[null,null,"IMPORTANT MESSAGES"]
[null,null,{"$f":"IF(G36=\"\",\"\",(CONCATENATE(\"CAUTION: This represents \",ROUND(((0.01*G36*1000)*(63.546/249.685)),2),\" mg/L of PURE COPPER (Cu++). \",IF((ROUND(((0.01*G36*1000)*(63.546/249.685)),2))>1.05,\"This much copper is considered unsafe and a health hazard. \",\"\"),\"The legal limit in commercial wines in the USA is 1.0 mg/L.\")))","v":""}]
[null,null,{"$f":"IF(G36=\"\",\"\",IF((ROUND(((0.01*G36*1000)*(63.546/249.685)),2))>0.5,\"WARNING: There is a risk of a copper haze forming when CU++ exceeds 0.5 mg/L.\",\"\"))","v":""}]
[]
[null,"STEP 4. Determine the amount of 1% CuSO4 solution needed to treat the affected batch"]
[]
[null,"Identify the wine, e.g. vintage, varietal, etc."]
[]
[null,null,"Vintage",null,"VARIETAL",null,null,null,null,"Batch ID"]
[]
[null,null,"What volume of wine do you need to treat for H2S?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"L"]
[]
[null,null,{"$f":"CONCATENATE(\"Amount of 1% CuSO4 to add to your \",IF(J48=\"\",\"\",CONCATENATE(J48,\"-\",L48)),\" batch:\")","v":"Amount of 1% CuSO4 to add to your  batch:"},null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(OR((J48=\"\"),(G36=\"\")),\"\",(IF(L48=\"L\",J48,IF(L48=\"hL\",J48*100,J48*3.79)))*G36)","v":""},null,"mL"]
[]
[null,"STEP 5. Treat the batch"]
[null,null,"a. Add the calculated amount of 1% CuSO4 solution to the batch of wine, and let settle for one week."]
[null,null,"b. Rack and coarse filter the wine to remove the black powder-like copper sulfide precipitate."]
[]
[null,"Comments"]

{"sheet":"List","index":2,"n_rows":85,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":85,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[]}
["VARIETAL"]
["BLEND"]
["OTHER"]
["Aglianico"]
["Albariño (Alvarinho)"]
["Alicante Bouschet"]
["Aligoté"]
["Auxerrois"]
["Baco Noir"]
["Barbera"]
["Cabernet Franc"]
["Cabernet Sauvignon"]
["Cabernet Severnyi"]
["Carignan"]
["Carménère"]
["Catawba"]
["Cayuga White"]
["Chambourcin"]
["Chancellor"]
["Chardonel"]
["Chardonnay"]
["Chenin Blanc"]
["Cinsault"]
["Colombard"]
["Concord"]
["Corot Noir"]
["De Chaunac"]
["Delaware"]
["Fredonia"]
["Frontenac"]
["Gamay"]
["Gewürztraminer"]
["Grenache"]
["Grenache Gris"]
["Grüner Veltliner"]
["Isabella"]
["La Crescent"]
["La Crosse"]
["Landot Noir"]
["Léon Millot"]
["Malbec"]
["Malvasia"]
["Maréchal Foch"]
["Marquette"]
["Merlot"]
["Mission"]
["Montepulciano d'Abruzzo"]
["Mourvèdre (Monastrell)"]
["Müller-Thurgau"]
["Muscadine"]
["Muscat (Moscato Bianco)"]
["Mustang"]
["Nebbiolo"]
["Nero d'Avola"]
["Niagara"]
["Noiret"]
["Norton (Cynthiana)"]
["Palomino"]
["Petit Verdot"]
["Petite Sirah (Durif)"]
["Pinot Blanc (Pinot Bianco)"]
["Pinot Gris (Pinot Grigio)"]
["Pinot Meunier"]
["Pinot Noir"]
["Pinotage"]
["Regent"]
["Riesling"]
["Ruby Cabernet"]
["Sangiovese"]
["Saperavi"]
["Sauvignon Blanc"]
["Scuppernong"]
["Sémillon"]
["Seyval Blanc"]
["St. Croix"]
["Swenson White"]
["Syrah (Shiraz)"]
["Tempranillo"]
["Thompson Seedless"]
["Touriga Nacional"]
["Traminette"]
["Trebbiano (Ugni Blanc)"]
["Vidal Blanc"]
["Viognier"]
["Zinfandel (Primitivo)"]